重金属检测方法的研究进展

Progress in Study on Detection of Heavy Metals

摘要: 重金属离子污染日益成为环境污染的重点，危害人体的健康.因此，对重金属的防治工作刻不容缓，对于重金属离子的检测就显得尤为重要.介绍了常见的用于重金属离子检测的技术，包括原子荧光光度法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、电感耦合等离子发射光谱法、高效液相色谱法、酶分析法、生物传感器、免疫分析法.并讨论了现存重金属检测技术存在的问题和未来检测技术的发展方向.

Abstract: Much attention has been paid on the heavy metal pollution, which threatens the humans the health, therefore, the prevention and control of heavy metals and the detection of heavy metal ions are of great importance. In the review, the common techniques for the detection of heavy metal ions is introduced, including atomic fluorescence spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, enzyme analysis, biosensors and immunoassay. The existing problems in the techniques of detection of heavy metals and the fature developmental orientations of these methods are discussed．