Improvement of Preparation Method for Determination of Solid Powder Samples by AC-Arc Atomic Emission Spectrometry
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摘要: 在使用交流电弧原子发射光谱法同时测定硼(B)、锡(Sn)、银(Ag)、钼(Mo)、铅(Pb)时,为改进固体粉末样品前处理方法,样品与缓冲剂的质量比采用1∶2,以保鲜膜覆盖坩埚口后再置于振动搅拌仪上,在2 400 Hz的频率下混合搅拌30 min条件下于CCD-I型交流电弧直读原子发射光谱仪上分析. 方法解决了基体效应和样品前处理过程中发生的溅漏问题,稳定了样品与缓冲剂的比例,避免了交叉污染,降低了由混合不均匀造成的偶然误差. 方法精密度[相对标准偏差(RSD), n=12]:B 4.62%~8.97%,Sn 3.89%~8.43%,Ag 3.39%~7.34%,Mo 4.35%~8.46%,Pb 4.27%~7.63%. 试验结果表明,方法分析结果准确可靠,精密度好,操作简单快速,具有一定的实用性,为交流电弧发射光谱法的应用提供了新的方案.
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关键词:
- 交流电弧原子发射光谱法 /
- 振动搅拌仪 /
- 固体粉末样品前处理 /
- 保鲜膜
Abstract: In the simultaneous determination of boron, tin, silver, molybdenum and lead by AC arc emission spectrometry, to improve the solid powder sample pretreatment method, the mass ratio of sample to buffer was 1∶2, and the sample was put in a crucible with its mouth covered with a plastic wrap and then placed on a vibrating stirrer, and then mixed and stirred at 2 400 Hz for 30 min, and analyzed on a CCD-I AC arc direct reading atomic emission spectrometer. The method solved the problems of matrix effects and spills occurring during the sample pre-treatment, stabilized the ratio of sample to buffer, avoided the cross-contamination, and reduced accidental errors caused by non-uniform mixing. The precision of this method were (RSD, n=12): B 4.62%~8.97%, Sn 3.89%~8.43%, Ag 3.39%~7.34%, Mo 4.35%~8.46%, Pb 4.27%~7.63%. The experimental results showed that the analytical results of the method are accurate and reliable, with good precision, simple and fast operation, and has certain practicality, which provides a new scheme for the application of AC arc emission spectrometry. -
表 1 CCD-I 型交流电弧直读原子发射光谱仪工作参数
Table 1. Working parameters of CCD-I AC arc direct reading atomic emission spectrometer
组成 参数 照明系统 三透镜 狭缝 宽 9 μm,高 4 mm 光栏 4 mm 电极夹 水冷 全息闪耀光栅 刻线: 2 400 条/mm 倒线色散率: 0.37 nm/mm 光源 交流电弧 曝光时间 25 s 电流 4 A起弧,维持3 s;升至14 A,维持22 s CCD检测器 分辨率: 0.01 nm CCD个数: 6 CCD单元谱线宽度 :0.005 nm 光谱范围:82 nm 表 2 精密度和准确度要求
Table 2. Requirements of precision and accuracy
含量范围 ΔlogC RSD/% 检出限三倍以内 ≤0.10 17 检出限三倍以上 ≤0.05 10 >1% ≤0.04 8 表 3 坩埚口覆膜(第一组)试验结果
Table 3. Experimental results of crucible mouth coating (group 1)
元素 GBW07104 GBW07107 GBW07360a 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% Δlog C 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC B 4.70 4.80 3.22 0.01 154 160 2.50 0.02 84.0 86.4 3.95 0.01 Sn 0.790 0.822 7.20 0.02 2.00 2.09 6.67 0.02 11.5 10.9 4.85 −0.02 Ag 0.0710 0.0690 6.37 −0.01 0.0470 0.0490 8.23 0.02 0.790 0.796 6.97 0.00 Mo 0.540 0.562 8.63 0.02 0.350 0.318 8.02 −0.04 1.40 1.46 3.99 0.02 Pb 11.3 11.4 1.15 0.01 8.70 8.66 1.68 0.00 267 257 4.94 −0.02 元素 GBW07312 GBW07983 GBW07981 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC B 24.0 23.5 8.86 −0.01 58.0 53.8 6.62 −0.03 131 135 5.63 0.01 Sn 54.0 56.9 3.97 0.02 3.80 3.83 7.94 0.00 6.00 5.88 5.99 −0.01 Ag 1.15 1.18 5.22 0.01 0.0770 0.0742 8.21 −0.02 0.157 0.169 8.37 0.03 Mo 8.40 8.27 1.96 −0.01 1.32 1.43 6.59 0.03 3.20 3.17 5.29 0.00 Pb 285 277 7.64 −0.01 24.3 24.9 7.39 0.01 27.0 26.4 9.46 −0.01 表 4 坩埚口未覆膜(第二组)试验结果
Table 4. Experimental results of crucible mouth without coating (group 2)
元素 GBW07104 GBW07107 GBW07360a 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC B 4.70 4.67 19.38 0.00 154 169 12.75 0.04 84.0 93.2 7.69 0.04 Sn 0.790 1.17 38.81 0.17 2.00 3.83 37.75 0.28 11.5 9.92 7.80 −0.06 Ag 0.0710 0.0809 27.24 0.05 0.0470 0.0574 29.53 0.09 0.790 0.615 25.61 −0.11 Mo 0.540 0.570 24.82 0.02 0.350 0.420 20.33 0.08 1.40 1.33 10.90 −0.02 Pb 11.3 13.0 23.99 0.06 8.70 7.89 7.54 −0.04 267 211 12.29 −0.10 元素 GBW07312 GBW07983 GBW07981 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/% ΔlogC B 24.0 21.8 19.15 −0.04 58.0 66.8 14.39 0.06 131 137 9.30 0.02 Sn 54.0 55.9 13.18 0.02 3.80 4.13 11.17 0.02 6.00 5.15 22.39 −0.07 Ag 1.15 0.963 31.19 −0.08 0.0770 0.0918 28.33 0.08 0.157 0.159 12.85 0.00 Mo 8.40 5.77 31.85 −0.16 1.32 1.16 23.24 −0.05 3.20 2.02 50.14 −0.20 Pb 285 288 12.43 0.00 24.3 25.7 15.75 0.02 27.0 27.1 19.80 0.00 表 5 样品与缓冲剂比例为1∶1(第三组)试验结果
Table 5. Experimental results of sample to buffer ratio of 1∶1 (group 3)
元素 GBW07104 GBW07107 GBW07360a 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%Δlog C 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC B 4.70 5.24 8.26 0.05 154 140 6.01 −0.04 84.0 89.0 7.82 0.03 Sn 0.790 0.922 11.30 0.06 2.00 2.38 9.32 0.08 11.5 13.7 9.93 0.07 Ag 0.0710 0.0651 9.66 −0.04 0.0470 0.0543 14.90 0.06 0.790 0.815 5.09 0.01 Mo 0.540 0.556 5.88 0.01 0.350 0.417 9.83 0.07 1.40 1.64 9.64 0.07 Pb 11.3 11.0 2.53 −0.01 8.70 8.16 2.03 −0.03 267 296 7.90 0.05 元素 GBW07312 GBW07983 GBW07981 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC B 24.0 27.5 9.04 0.06 58.0 53.8 6.54 −0.03 131 107 3.71 −0.09 Sn 54.0 45.6 9.21 −0.07 3.80 4.09 6.93 0.03 6.00 5.42 8.63 −0.04 Ag 1.15 0.963 9.31 −0.08 0.0770 0.0822 7.01 0.03 0.157 0.173 7.62 0.04 Mo 8.40 7.36 7.72 −0.06 1.32 1.23 5.39 −0.03 3.20 3.67 9.72 0.06 Pb 285 313 9.45 0.04 24.3 21.0 9.95 −0.06 27.0 29.8 9.41 0.04 表 6 研磨转速与时间试验结果*
Table 6. Experimental results of grinding speed and time
转速/
Hz时间/
minB Sn Ag Mo Pb Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 1 800 5 49.4 8.34 −0.01 4.38 13.60 −0.06 0.453 9.30 −0.05 4.17 14.36 −0.08 43.3 9.45 −0.06 10 51.1 8.05 0.01 4.93 7.68 −0.01 0.465 7.54 −0.04 5.31 10.54 0.03 41.7 7.09 −0.08 30 51.0 7.36 0.01 4.88 7.54 −0.01 0.507 7.33 0.00 4.65 9.32 −0.03 48.6 6.34 −0.01 60 45.4 8.47 −0.04 4.91 5.38 −0.01 0.511 6.84 0.00 4.77 7.15 −0.02 54.3 5.48 0.04 90 44.8 12.33 −0.05 4.93 5.10 −0.01 0.521 5.31 0.01 4.93 7.10 −0.01 50.5 6.07 0.00 2 000 5 44.8 7.39 −0.05 5.26 6.89 0.02 0.478 6.72 −0.03 4.67 9.32 −0.03 54.6 7.05 0.04 10 49.4 6.12 −0.01 5.14 6.38 0.01 0.489 6.35 −0.02 4.93 8.17 −0.01 45.3 6.79 −0.04 30 50.7 6.93 0.01 5.07 6.54 0.01 0.515 5.01 0.00 5.10 7.28 0.01 53.6 6.73 0.03 60 45.3 8.74 −0.04 5.03 5.38 0.00 0.508 5.42 0.00 4.96 7.03 0.00 48.5 6.93 −0.01 90 53.4 9.45 0.03 4.98 5.22 0.00 0.513 5.12 0.00 5.03 6.33 0.00 49.1 6.67 −0.01 2 200 5 53.0 7.89 0.03 4.59 6.47 −0.04 0.487 6.82 −0.02 4.74 6.15 −0.02 52.3 6.89 0.02 10 48.2 6.93 −0.01 4.68 5.34 −0.03 0.498 5.41 −0.01 4.81 5.84 −0.02 52.5 6.51 0.02 30 50.4 6.51 0.00 5.17 5.22 0.01 0.503 5.30 −0.01 4.92 5.32 −0.01 47.4 6.33 −0.02 60 53.4 8.73 0.03 5.10 5.19 0.01 0.511 4.26 0.00 5.04 5.35 0.00 48.8 5.43 −0.01 90 55.5 9.48 0.05 5.07 4.93 0.01 0.513 3.52 0.00 5.05 5.38 0.00 51.0 5.57 0.01 2 400 5 49.3 5.89 −0.01 4.81 7.31 −0.02 0.497 7.28 −0.01 4.44 8.16 −0.05 55.3 6.42 0.04 10 49.6 5.36 0.00 5.17 6.59 0.01 0.497 6.34 −0.01 4.76 7.23 −0.02 52.1 5.31 0.02 30 50.4 5.73 0.00 5.03 6.10 0.00 0.506 4.54 0.00 4.89 5.18 −0.01 51.5 5.34 0.01 60 45.4 6.57 −0.04 4.96 5.39 0.00 0.513 3.83 0.00 4.95 5.01 0.00 49.7 5.10 0.00 90 42.8 7.41 −0.07 5.03 5.21 0.00 0.514 4.04 0.00 5.04 5.03 0.00 51.0 5.27 0.01 2 600 5 52.0 5.39 0.02 5.30 7.35 0.03 0.493 5.31 −0.01 4.63 8.41 −0.03 56.3 6.59 0.05 10 46.5 5.20 −0.03 5.26 6.13 0.02 0.487 4.77 −0.02 4.73 6.15 −0.02 52.3 6.53 0.02 30 45.4 5.34 −0.04 5.09 5.28 0.01 0.512 4.13 0.00 4.93 5.24 −0.01 49.5 5.62 0.00 60 55.3 6.34 0.04 4.89 5.37 −0.01 0.511 3.70 0.00 5.03 5.30 0.00 51.1 5.55 0.01 90 43.9 6.77 −0.06 4.96 4.89 0.00 0.506 3.38 0.00 5.02 4.79 0.00 50.2 5.12 0.00 2 800 5 53.0 6.03 0.03 4.98 8.49 0.00 0.483 5.16 −0.02 4.93 6.36 −0.01 46.7 5.80 −0.03 10 49.3 5.15 −0.01 5.04 6.38 0.00 0.523 4.88 0.01 4.88 5.04 −0.01 48.9 5.66 −0.01 30 47.3 5.23 −0.02 5.00 7.30 0.00 0.513 4.38 0.00 5.17 4.91 0.01 50.1 5.32 0.00 60 42.4 8.47 −0.07 4.93 6.13 −0.01 0.501 4.41 −0.01 5.13 4.93 0.01 50.2 4.64 0.00 90 43.0 9.39 −0.07 4.97 5.34 0.00 0.504 4.04 −0.01 5.07 4.86 0.01 50.1 4.38 0.00 3 000 5 47.6 5.39 −0.02 5.09 5.39 0.01 0.531 4.29 0.02 4.87 5.88 −0.01 47.3 6.62 −0.02 10 48.7 5.43 −0.01 4.97 5.07 0.00 0.523 3.98 0.01 5.07 5.15 0.01 49.6 6.16 0.00 30 46.2 5.08 −0.03 5.03 5.07 0.00 0.517 3.36 0.01 4.93 4.91 −0.01 49.4 6.34 −0.01 60 45.3 6.87 −0.04 5.01 4.36 0.00 0.503 3.54 −0.01 5.08 4.95 0.01 51.3 6.06 0.01 90 43.6 7.55 −0.06 4.97 4.03 0.00 0.501 3.36 −0.01 4.95 4.91 0.00 50.6 6.05 0.00 *:元素标准质量分数分别为B 50 μg/g,Sn 5 μg/g,Ag 0.51 μg/g,Mo 5 μg/g,Pb 50 μg/g 表 7 准确度和精密度
Table 7. Accuracy and precision
元素 GBW07104 GBW07107 GBW07360a 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC B 4.70 4.86 4.62 −0.01 154 160 7.71 −0.02 84.0 86.3 8.65 −0.01 Sn 0.790 0.830 3.89 −0.02 2.00 2.09 4.55 −0.02 11.5 10.9 8.43 0.02 Ag 0.0710 0.0690 5.78 0.01 0.0470 0.0512 4.69 −0.01 0.790 0.803 6.56 −0.01 Mo 0.540 0.570 8.46 −0.02 0.350 0.331 4.88 0.03 1.40 1.46 6.39 −0.02 Pb 11.3 10.5 5.34 0.03 8.70 8.62 7.63 0.01 267 257 4.44 0.02 元素 GBW07312 GBW07983 GBW07981 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC 标准质
量分数/
(μg/g)Ave/
(μg/g)RSD/
%ΔlogC B 24.0 23.6 6.38 0.01 58.0 54.2 7.31 0.03 131 134 8.97 −0.01 Sn 54.0 57.1 6.12 −0.02 3.80 3.86 4.23 −0.01 6.00 5.87 7.86 0.01 Ag 1.15 1.17 5.42 −0.01 0.0770 0.0740 3.39 0.01 0.157 0.167 7.34 −0.03 Mo 8.40 8.29 4.80 0.01 1.32 1.42 4.35 −0.03 3.20 3.16 5.26 0.01 Pb 285 278 4.27 0.01 24.3 24.6 5.52 −0.01 27.0 26.3 5.13 0.01 -
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