Investigation and Analysis of Disastrous Soluble Salts in Sanmenxia Guo Ji Tomb Sites

QIAN Ling; XIA Yin; HU Hong-yan; ZHANG Shang-xin; LI Zhen; LU Gong-xuan; CHEN Gang-quan

doi:10.16495/j.1006-3757.2016.02.004

Issue 2

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Analysis and Testing Technology and Instruments > 2016 > 22(2): 80-89

QIAN Ling, XIA Yin, HU Hong-yan, ZHANG Shang-xin, LI Zhen, LU Gong-xuan, CHEN Gang-quan. Investigation and Analysis of Disastrous Soluble Salts in Sanmenxia Guo Ji Tomb Sites[J]. Analysis and Testing Technology and Instruments, 2016, 22(2): 80-89. doi: 10.16495/j.1006-3757.2016.02.004

Citation:

QIAN Ling, XIA Yin, HU Hong-yan, ZHANG Shang-xin, LI Zhen, LU Gong-xuan, CHEN Gang-quan. Investigation and Analysis of Disastrous Soluble Salts in Sanmenxia Guo Ji Tomb Sites[J]. Analysis and Testing Technology and Instruments, 2016, 22(2): 80-89. doi: 10.16495/j.1006-3757.2016.02.004

Citation:

QIAN Ling, XIA Yin, HU Hong-yan, ZHANG Shang-xin, LI Zhen, LU Gong-xuan, CHEN Gang-quan. Investigation and Analysis of Disastrous Soluble Salts in Sanmenxia Guo Ji Tomb Sites[J]. Analysis and Testing Technology and Instruments, 2016, 22(2): 80-89. doi: 10.16495/j.1006-3757.2016.02.004

PDF( 7026 KB)

Investigation and Analysis of Disastrous Soluble Salts in Sanmenxia Guo Ji Tomb Sites

doi: 10.16495/j.1006-3757.2016.02.004

1.
State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
National Ancient Mural Protection Engineering Technology Research Center, Conservation Research Institute of Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang 736200, Gansu China
3.
State Cultural Relics Key Scientific Research Base for Bureau Ceramic Painting Cultural Relics, Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum, Lintong 710600, Shanxi China

Received Date: 2016-03-10
Rev Recd Date: 2016-05-04
Publish Date: 2016-06-01

Abstract

Abstract

The characteristics of the main disastrous soluble salts and their contents in the site of Guo Ji Tomb of Sanmenxia had been analyzed by taking samples from Guo Ji Tomb, Liang Ji Tomb and Jin Dai Tomb where salt damages as salt efflorescence, flaking and piece falling existed. The regular patterns of salt formation were discussed using the testing methods of X-ray fluorescence(XRF)and ion chromatograph(IC). The species, existing types and concentrations of salts in the GUO Ji Tomb and other locations were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscophe main salts and small amounts y(XPS) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM/EDS)techniques. The results indicated that Na₂SO₄ and CaCO₃ are the main salts and small amounts of CaCl₂、KNO₃ and NaCl were also found. The concentrations of salts in the soil near the ground were higher than those of other locations and these salts caused heavy salt damages. The concentrations of salts in Liang Ji Tomb were higher than those of Guo Ji Tomb and Jin Dai Tomb with higher content of nitrates. It was found that contents of soluble salts were different at different locations, but in the neighboring region there existed certain regularity, which provides some useful information for the research and control of salt damages.
- earthen sites,
- salt damages,
- Guo Ji Tombs,
- XRF,
- IC,
- XPS,
- XRD,
- SEM

FullText(HTML)

References(23)

References

[1]	中国科学院考古研究所.上村岭虢国墓地[M].北京:科学出版社, 1959
[2]	靳治良, 陈港泉, 钱玲, 等.莫高窟壁画盐害作用机理研究(П)[J].敦煌研究, 2009(3):100-102. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DHYJ200903021.htm
[3]	苏伯民.敦煌壁画的盐害与日常维护[J].敦煌研究, 2010(6):14-16. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DHYJ201006004.htm
[4]	陈港泉, 于宗仁.莫高窟第351窟壁画疱疹和壁画地仗可溶盐分析[J].敦煌研究, 2008(5):39-45. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DHYJ200806010.htm
[5]	杨善龙.敦煌莫高窟崖体中水盐分布现状初步研究[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2009. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10730-2009191424.htm
[6]	王锦芳, 严耿升, 杨善龙.莫高窟崖体可溶盐分布特征研究[J].水文地质工程地质, 2010, 37(6):116-120. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SWDG201006027.htm
[7]	吕功煊, 张尚欣, 钱玲, 等.秦始皇帝陵土遗址可溶盐特征与脱盐试探[J].自然杂志, 2015, 37(5):341-347 http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZRZZ201505005.htm
[8]	严绍军, 方云, 刘俊红, 等.可溶盐对云冈石窟砂岩劣化试验及模型建立[J].岩土力学, 2013, 34(12):3410-3416. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YTLX201312011.htm
[9]	夏寅, 李蔓, 张尚欣, 等.遗址博物馆内土遗址本体可溶盐和霉菌危害预防与治理的进展[J].文物保护与考古科学, 2013, 25(4):114-119. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WWBF201304019.htm
[10]	靳治良, 陈港泉, 夏寅, 等.硫酸盐与氯化物对壁画的破坏性对比研究-硫酸钠超强的穿透、迁移及结晶破坏力证据[J].文物保护与考古科学, 2015(1):29-37 http://www.cnki.com.cn/article/cjfdtotal-wwbf201501005.htm
[11]	郭宏, 李最雄, 裘元勋, 等.敦煌莫高窟壁画酥碱病害机理研究之三[J].敦煌研究, 1999 (3) :153-164. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DHYJ199903022.htm
[12]	Ruiz-Agudo E, Mees F, Jacobs P, et al. The role of saline solution properties on porous limestone salt weathering by magnesium and sodium sulfates[J]. Environ Geol, 2007, 52:269-281. doi: 10.1007/s00254-006-0476-x
[13]	Lubelli B, Van Hees R P J, Groot C J W P. Sodium chloride crystallization in a "salt transporting" restoration plaster[J].Cement Concrete Res, 2006, 36:1467-1474. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.03.027
[14]	Rosa M Espinosa-Marzal, George W Scherer. Advances in understanding damage by salt crystallization[J]. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2010, 43(6):897-905. doi: 10.1021/ar9002224
[15]	Gu Z L, Luo X L, Meng X Z, et al. Primitive environment control for preservation of pit relics in archeology museums of china[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 2013, 47:1504-1509. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/23282022
[16]	Wei G F, Zhang H, Wang H M, et al. An experimental study on application of sticky rice-lime mortar in conservation of the stone tower in the Xiangji Temple Original Research Article[J].Constr Build Mater, 2012, 28(1): 624-632. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.09.008
[17]	Mohamed N, Witold N, Barbara L. A comparative study of hygroscopic moisture content, electrical conductivity and ion chromatography for salt assessment in plasters of historical buildings[J]. Constr Build Mater, 2009, 23:1731-1735. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.09.029
[18]	李燕飞, 苏伯民, 范宇权.离子色谱法在文物发掘现场及保护中的应用[J].敦煌研究, 2008, (6):91-95. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DHYJ200806021.htm
[19]	Mohamed N, Witold N, Barbara L. A comparative study of hygroscopic moisture content, electrical conductivityand ion chromatography for salt assessment in plasters of historical buildings[J]. Constr Build Mater, 2009, 23:1731-1735. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.09.029
[20]	朱荣淑, 何建昇, 姚泽, 等. Ru系双贵金属催化同时去除碳颗粒和NOx[J].分子催化, 2015, 29(1):68-74. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZCH201501011.htm
[21]	唐富顺, 赵辉, 刘津, 等.担载型Co/ZSM-5催化剂表面Co组分结构与柴油车NOx净化性能[J].分子催化, 2015, 29(3): 256-265. http://www.oalib.com/paper/4307383
[22]	何润霞, 智科端, 王斌, 等.铜锰盐前驱体对铜锰催化剂变换反应性能的影响.分子催化, 2015, 29(6): 534-544. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZCH201506004.htm
[23]	林俊敏, 付名利, 朱文波, 等.氧化碳烟的Mnx(0.4)-CeO₂催化剂表面活性物种的研究.分子催化, 2014, 28(2): 157-164. http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/fzch201402010